Fred's wildflowers
  Fred's wildflowers
  • Home
  • Search by
    • common name
    • genus
    • color >
      • white & cream (divided) >
        • shrubs, vines, trees, cacti, agave, aquatic, sedge
        • elongated clusters
        • rounded clusters
        • odd-shaped flowers
        • simple-shaped flowers
        • daisy- and dandelion-like flowers
      • blue & purple (divided) >
        • vines, shrubs, trees, parasites
        • elongated clusters
        • rounded clusters
        • odd-shaped flowers
        • simple-shaped flowers
        • daisy- and dandelion-like flowers
      • red & pink (divided) >
        • shrubs, vines, trees, cacti, ocotillo, agave, parasites, aquatics
        • elongated clusters
        • rounded clusters
        • odd-shaped flowers
        • simple-shaped flowers
        • daisy- and dandelion-like flowers
      • green & brown (divided) >
        • shrubs, trees, vines, cactus, agave, horsetail, clubmoss, cattail, aquatic, parasites, carnivores, ferns
        • grass, sedge, rush, moss, lichen
        • elongated clusters
        • rounded clusters
        • odd-shaped flowers
        • simple-shaped flowers
      • yellow & orange (divided) >
        • shrubs, trees, vines, cactus, agave, aquatic
        • elongated clusters
        • rounded clusters
        • odd-shaped
        • simple-shaped flowers
        • Aster 1 (yellow)
        • Aster 3.1 - 3.4 (yellow)
    • fruit
    • family >
      • Latin names
      • includes aquatics or insectivores or ...
      • includes individuals with specified properties
      • inflorescence types
      • leaf types
    • location >
      • Arizona >
        • Southern >
          • Boyce Thompson Arboretum State Park
          • Buenos Aires National Wildlife Refuge
          • Cabeza Prieta National Wildlife Refuge
          • Kofa National Wildlife Refuge
          • Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument
          • Sonoran Desert National Monument
          • Tonto National Forest
      • Arkansas >
        • Crowley's Ridge State Park
      • California >
        • Northern >
          • Lassen Volcanic National Park
          • Lava Beds National Monument
          • Modoc National Forest
          • Trinity Scenic Byway
        • Southern >
          • Death Valley National Park
          • Joshua Tree National Park
          • Yosemite National Park
      • Colorado >
        • Alpine and subalpine
        • Counties minus Larimer >
          • Adams
          • Alamosa County
          • Archuleta County
          • Baca County
          • Boulder County >
            • Bobolink Trail
            • Caribou Ranch Open Space
            • Cherryvale Trail
            • Crain High Plains Prairie
            • East Boulder Community Park
            • Gregory Canyon
            • Hall Ranch
            • Left Hand Trail
            • Lefthand Canyon Open Space
            • National Center for Atmospheric Research
            • Neva Road/ 36
            • Rabbit Mountain
            • South Mesa Trailhead
          • Broomfield County
          • Chaffee
          • Clear Creek County
          • Denver
          • Dolores County
          • Douglas County
          • Eagle County
          • El Paso County
          • Gilpin
          • Grand County
          • Gunnison County >
            • Kebler Pass Road
            • Ohio Pass Road
            • Schofield Pass Road
          • Jackson County
          • Jefferson County
          • Lake
          • Las Animas County
          • Mesa County
          • Moffat County
          • Montezuma County
          • Montrose County
          • Otero County
          • Park County
          • Pitkiin
          • Routt County
          • Saguache
          • Summit County
          • Teller County
          • Weld
          • Yuma County
        • Denver Area >
          • Bluff Lake Nature Center
          • High Line Canal
          • Jewell Wetlands Park
        • Fort Collins Natural Areas >
          • Arapaho Bend
          • Bobcat Ridge
          • Cathy Fromme Prairie
          • Cattail Chorus
          • Coyote Ridge
          • Fischer
          • Fossil Creek Reservoir
          • Gateway
          • Goose Hollow
          • Gustav Swanson
          • Homestead
          • Kingfisher Point
          • Magpie Meander
          • Mallard's Nest
          • Maxwell
          • McMurry
          • Nix
          • North Shields Ponds
          • Pelican Marsh
          • Pineridge
          • Prospect Ponds/ CSU ELC
          • Puente Verde
          • Red Fox Meadows
          • Redtail Grove Natural Area
          • Redwing Marsh
          • Reservoir Ridge
          • Riverbend Ponds
          • River's Edge
          • Ross
          • Running Deer
          • Salyer
          • Soapstone Prairie
          • Springer
          • Tanglewood
          • Udall
          • Williams
        • Fort Collins Trails >
          • Foothills Trail
          • Fossil Creek Trail
          • Poudre River Trail
          • Spring Creek Trail
        • Grasslands >
          • Comanche National Grassland
          • Pawnee National Grassland
        • High Plains Environmental Center
        • Larimer County >
          • Alpine and Subalpine >
            • Crown Point
            • Montgomery Pass Trail
            • Zimmerman Lake Trail
          • Bellvue
          • Canyons >
            • Big Thompson Canyon >
              • North Fork Trail
              • Round Mountain National Recreation Trail
              • Sullivan Gulch
              • Viestenz-Smith Mountain Park
            • Buckhorn Canyon
            • Poudre Canyon >
              • Big South Trail
              • Forest Road 145
              • Gateway
              • Greyrock Trail
              • Hewlett Gulch
              • Indian Meadows North
              • Kelly Flats 4x4 Trail
              • Kreutzer Nature Trail
              • Lower Dadd Gulch
              • Young Gulch
            • Rist Canyon/ Old Flowers Roads >
              • County Road 41
          • Foothills
          • Montane >
            • Boulder Ridge/ Cherokee Park Roads
            • Crosier Mountain
            • Laramie River Road
            • Long Draw Road
            • Pingree Park
            • Sand Creek Pass/ Deadman Road
          • Open Spaces >
            • Blue Sky Trail
            • Carter Lake
            • Devil's Backbone
            • Eagle's Nest
            • Flatiron Reservoir
            • Hermit Park
            • Horsetooth Mountain
            • Horsetooth Reservoir
            • Lions
            • Pinewood Reservoir
            • Ramsay-Shockey
            • Red Mountain
            • River Bluffs
            • Soderberg
        • Lory State Park >
          • Arthur's Rock Trail
          • East Valley Trail
          • Howard Trail
          • Kimmons Trail
          • Mill Creek Link Trail
          • Orchard Cove Trail
          • Overlook Trail
          • Satanka Cove Trail
          • Shoreline Trail
          • Soldier Canyon
          • South Eltuck Bay Trail
          • South Valley Loop Trail
          • Timber Trail
          • Waterfall Trail
          • Well Gulch Nature Trail
          • West Valley Trail
        • Loveland Natural Areas >
          • Mariana Butte Natural Area
          • River's Edge Loveland Natural Area
        • Mount Evans
        • Mountain Passes >
          • Boreas Pass
          • Buffalo Pass Road
          • Cameron Pass
          • Georgia Pass
          • Guanella Pass Road
          • Hoosier Pass
          • Independence Pass
          • Kebler Pass
          • Loveland Pass
          • Marshall Pass
          • Milner Pass
          • Ohio Pass
          • Pennock Pass Area
          • Rabbit Ears Pass
          • Rollins Pass Road
          • Schofield Pass
          • Shrine Pass Road
          • Weston Pass Road
        • National Forests >
          • Pike National Forest
          • Routt National Forest >
            • Forest Road 758
          • San Isabel National Forest
        • National Monuments >
          • Canyons of the Ancients National Monument
          • Colorado National Monument
          • Dinosaur National Monument
        • National Natural Landmark >
          • Sand Creek National Natural Landmark
        • National Parks >
          • Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Park
          • Great Sand Dunes National Park
          • Rocky Mountain National Park >
            • Bierstadt Lake
            • Bridal Veil Falls Trail
            • Cub Lake Trail
            • Lumpy Ridge Trail
            • Old Fall River Road
            • Sprague Lake
            • Trail Ridge Road
            • Twin Sisters Peak Trail
            • Upper Beaver Meadows
            • Ute Trail
            • Wild Basin
        • National Wildlife Refuge >
          • Arapaho National Wildlife Refuge
          • Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge
          • Rocky Mountain Arsenal National Wildlife Refuge
        • Nature Conservancy >
          • High Creek Fen Preserve
          • Phantom Canyon Preserve
        • Pikes Peak
        • Red Feather Lakes Area >
          • Lady Moon Trail
          • Kilpecker Road
          • Molly Lake
          • Mount Margaret Trail
          • North Lone Pine Trail
        • State Parks minus Lory >
          • Barr Lake State Park
          • Boyd Lake State Park
          • Colorado State Forest State Park
          • Eldorado Canyon State Park
          • Golden Gate Canyon State Park
          • Saint Vrain State Park
        • State Wildlife Areas >
          • Bellaire Lake
          • Big Thompson Ponds
          • Boedecker Reservoir State Wildlife Area
          • Cherokee Park >
            • Lone Pine Unit
            • Lower Unit
            • Middle Unit
            • Upper Unit
          • Douglas Reservoir State Wildlife Area
          • Frank State Wildlife Area
          • Lon Hagler State Wildlife Area
          • Parvin Lake
          • Poudre River State Wildlife Area
          • Simpson Ponds State Wildlife Area
          • Watson Lake
          • Wellington >
            • Cobb Lake Unit
            • Schware Unit
            • Wellington Unit
        • Wilderness Areas >
          • Cache la Poudre Wilderness
          • Indian Peaks Wilderness
          • Mount Zirkel Wilderness
          • Rawah Wilderness
      • Idaho >
        • Hells Canyon
        • Lolo Motorway
      • Kansas >
        • Cimarron National Grassland
      • Maine >
        • Acadia National Park
      • Montana >
        • Northern >
          • Glacier National Park
        • Southern
      • Nevada >
        • Northern >
          • Elko County
          • Sheldon National Wildlife Refuge
        • Central Nevada >
          • Great Basin National Park
        • Southern
      • New Mexico >
        • Northern >
          • Cimarron Canyon State Park
          • Kiowa National Grassland, Mills Canyon
          • Navajo Lake State Park
          • Villanueva State Park
        • Southern >
          • Bosque del Apache National Wildlife Refuge
          • Lincoln National Forest
          • Organ Mountains-Desert Peaks NM
          • White Sands National Park
      • North Carolina >
        • Western
      • Oklahoma >
        • Northern
      • Oregon >
        • Northern
        • Southern >
          • Klamath Falls to Ashland (Rt. 66)
          • Steens Mountain Wilderness Area
      • Tennessee >
        • Northern >
          • Great Smoky Mountains National Park
        • Southern
      • Texas >
        • Big Bend National Park
        • Big Bend Ranch State Park
        • Western >
          • Chihuahuan Desert Nature Center
          • Guadalupe Mountain National Park
      • Utah >
        • Northern >
          • Dinosaur National Monument, NU
        • Southern >
          • Arches National Park
          • Bryce Canyon National Park
          • Canyonlands National Park
          • Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument
          • Kodachrome Basin State Park
          • San Juan County
      • Washington >
        • Olympic National Park
      • Wyoming >
        • Northern >
          • Devils Tower National Monument
          • Grand Teton National Park
          • Shoshone National Forest
          • Yellowstone National Park
        • Southern >
          • Curt Gowdy State Park
          • Hutton Lake National Wildlife Refuge
          • Sand Creek National Landmark
          • Snowy Range
          • Sportsman Lake Road
          • Vedauwoo Recreation Area
  • Glossary
  • A
    • Acanthus >
      • Justicia
    • Agave >
      • Agave
      • Camassia
      • Dasylirion
      • Hesperaloe
      • Hesperocallis
      • Leucocrinum
      • Yucca
    • Amaranth >
      • Allenrolfea
      • Amaranthus
      • Atriplex
      • Bassia
      • Blitum
      • Chenopodiastrum
      • Chenopodium
      • Froelichia
      • Grayia
      • Krascheninnikovia
      • Salsola
      • Suaeda
      • Tidestromia
    • Amaryllis >
      • Narcissus
      • Nothoscordum
    • Arum >
      • Arisaema
      • Lemna
      • Lysichiton
    • Asparagus >
      • Asparagus
    • Asphodel >
      • Kniphofia
    • Aster-1 >
      • Agoseris
      • Atrichoseris
      • Calycoseris
      • Cichorium
      • Crepis
      • Hieracium
      • Lactuca
      • Lygodesmia
      • Malacothrix
      • Microseris
      • Nothocalais
      • Rafinesquia
      • Scorzonera
      • Sonchus
      • Stephanomeria
      • Taraxacum
      • Tragopogon
      • Uropappus
    • Aster-2.1 >
      • Achillea
      • Bidens
      • Blepharipappus
      • Chaetopappa
      • Cosmos
      • Dieteria
      • Echinacea
      • Erigeron
      • Eriophyllum
      • Eucephalus
    • Aster 2.2 >
      • Galinsoga
      • Gnaphalium
      • Hymenopappus
      • Leucanthemum
      • Machaeranthera
      • Melampodium
      • Monoptilon
      • Nicolletia
      • Parthenium
      • Perityle
      • Symphyotrichum
      • Tanacetum
      • Townsendia
      • Tripleurospermum
      • Xylorhiza
      • Zinnia
    • Aster 3.1 >
      • Achillea
      • Amauriopsis
      • Arnica
      • Bahia
      • Baileya
      • Balsamorhiza
      • Berlandiera
      • Bidens
      • Coreopsis
      • Dyssodia
      • Encelia
      • Ericameria
      • Eriophyllum
    • Aster 3.2 >
      • Gaillardia
      • Geraea
      • Grindelia
      • Gutierrezia
      • Helianthella
      • Helianthus
      • Heliomeris
      • Heliopsis
      • Heterotheca
      • Hymenoxys
      • Lagophylla
      • Lasthenia
      • Madia
    • Aster 3.3 >
      • Packera
      • Pectis
      • Picradeniopsis
      • Platyschkuhria
      • Psilostrophe
      • Pyrrocoma
      • Ratibida
      • Rudbeckia
    • Aster 3.4 >
      • Scabrethia
      • Senecio
      • Solidago
      • Stenotus
      • Tetraneuris
      • Thelesperma
      • Thymophylla
      • Tonestus
      • Verbesina
      • Viguiera
      • Wyethia
      • Xanthisma
      • Zinnia
    • Aster-4 >
      • Ambrosia
      • Anaphalis
      • Antennaria
      • Arctium
      • Arnica
      • Artemisia
      • Bidens
      • Brickellia
      • Carduus
      • Centaurea
      • Chaenactis
      • Cirsium
      • Dimeresia
      • Encelia
      • Ericameria
      • Erigeron
      • Eucephalus
      • Hymenopappus
      • Liatris
      • Matricaria
      • Psathyrotes
      • Pseudognaphalium
      • Rhaponticum
      • Rudbeckia
      • Senecio
      • Tanacetum
      • Thelesperma
      • Trixis
      • Xanthium
  • B
    • Barberry >
      • Jeffersonia
      • Mahonia
      • Podophyllum
    • Beech >
      • Quercus
    • Bellflower >
      • Campanula
      • Downingia
      • Triodanis
    • Bellwort >
      • Uvularia
    • Bignonia >
      • Catalpa
      • Chilopsis
      • Tecoma
    • Birch >
      • Alnus
      • Betula
      • Corylus
    • Bittersweet >
      • Euonymus
      • Mortonia
    • Bladderwort >
      • Utricularia
    • Borage >
      • Amsinckia
      • Asperugo
      • Cryptantha
      • Cynoglossum
      • Ellisia
      • Eritrichium
      • Hackelia
      • Heliotropium
      • Hydrophyllum
      • Johnstonella
      • Lappula
      • Lithospermum
      • Mertensia
      • Myosotis
      • Nama
      • Nemophila
      • Oreocarya
      • Phacelia
      • Pholisma
      • Plagiobothrys
      • Tiquilia
    • Brodiaea >
      • Dichelostemma
      • Triteleia
    • Broomrape >
      • Castilleja
      • Orobanche
      • Orthocarpus
      • Pedicularis
    • Buckthorn >
      • Ceanothus
      • Rhamnus
    • Buckwheat >
      • Bistorta
      • Eriogonum
      • Oxyria
      • Persicaria
      • Polygonum
      • Rumex
    • Butcher's-Broom >
      • Maianthemum
      • Nolina
    • Buttercup >
      • Aconitum
      • Actaea
      • Anemone
      • Anemonella
      • Aquilegia
      • Caltha
      • Ceratocephala
      • Clematis
      • Cyrtorhyncha
      • Delphinium
      • Pulsatilla
      • Ranunculus
      • Thalictrum
      • Trollius
  • C
    • Cactus >
      • Carnegiea
      • Cylindropuntia
      • Echinocactus
      • Echinocereus
      • Escobaria
      • Ferocactus
      • Glandulicactus
      • Grusonia
      • Mammillaria
      • Neolloydia
      • Opuntia
      • Pediocactus
      • Stenocereus
    • Caltrop >
      • Fagonia
      • Guaiacum
      • Kallstroemia
      • Larrea
      • Tribulus
    • Carpetweed >
      • Mollugo
    • Catbrier >
      • Smilax
    • Cattail >
      • Typha
    • Cleome >
      • Peritoma
      • Polanisia
    • Clubmoss >
      • Diphasiastrum
    • Currant >
      • Ribes
    • Cypress >
      • Juniperus
  • D
    • Dogbane >
      • Amsonia
      • Apocynum
      • Asclepias
      • Funastrum
    • Dogwood >
      • Cornus
  • E
    • Elm >
      • Ulmus
    • Empress tree >
      • Paulownia
    • Ephedra >
      • Ephedra
    • Evening-primrose >
      • Chamaenerion
      • Chylismia
      • Circaea
      • Clarkia
      • Epilobium
      • Eremothera
      • Eulobus
      • Gayophytum
      • Oenothera
      • Taraxia
  • F
    • False-hellebore >
      • Anticlea
      • Toxicoscordion
      • Veratrum
      • Xerophyllum
    • Fern (Maidenhair) Families >
      • Pteridaceae >
        • Argyrochosma
        • Myriopteris
    • Fern (True) Families >
      • Polypodiaceae >
        • Polypodium
    • Fern (Wood) Families >
      • Dryopteridaceae >
        • Dryopteris
    • Fig-marigold >
      • Carpobrotus
    • Figwort >
      • Buddleja
      • Leucophyllum
      • Scrophularia
      • Verbascum
    • Flax >
      • Linum
    • Four o'clock >
      • Abronia
      • Allionia
      • Boerhavia
      • Mirabilis
    • Fumitory >
      • Corydalis
      • Dicentra
      • Fumaria
  • G
    • Gentian >
      • Comastoma
      • Eustoma
      • Frasera
      • Gentiana
      • Gentianella
      • Gentianopsis
      • Swertia
    • Geranium >
      • Erodium
      • Geranium
    • Ginseng >
      • Aralia
    • Gourd >
      • Cucurbita
      • Echinocystis
      • Marah
    • Grape >
      • Parthenocissus
      • Vitis
    • Grass >
      • Achnatherum
      • Agropyron
      • Alopecurus
      • Andropogon
      • Aristida
      • Bouteloua
      • Bromopsis
      • Bromus
      • Buchloe
      • Dactylis
      • Dichanthelium
      • Elymus
      • Festuca
      • Hesperostipa
      • Hordeum
      • Lolium
      • Muhlenbergia
      • Panicum
      • Phragmites
      • Poa
      • Polypogon
      • Sorghastrum
      • Spartina
      • Thinopyrum
    • Grass-of-Parnassus >
      • Parnassia
  • H
    • Heath >
      • Arbutus
      • Arctostaphylos
      • Chimaphila
      • Gaultheria
      • Hypopitys
      • Kalmia
      • Ledum
      • Menziesia
      • Moneses
      • Orthilia
      • Phyllodoce
      • Pterospora
      • Pyrola
      • Rhododendron
      • Sarcodes
      • Vaccinium
    • Hemp >
      • Celtis
      • Humulus
    • Honeysuckle >
      • Linnaea
      • Lonicera
      • Symphoricarpos
    • Horsetail >
      • Equisetum
    • Hyacinth >
      • Muscari
    • Hydrangea >
      • Fendlera
      • Jamesia
  • I
    • Iris >
      • Chasmanthe
      • Iris
      • Nemastylis
      • Olsynium
      • Sisyrinchium
  • J
    • Jewelweed >
      • Impatiens
  • L
    • Lichen families >
      • Acarosporaceae >
        • Pleopsidium
        • Polysporina
      • Alectoriaceae >
        • Alectoria
      • Candelariaceae >
        • Candelariella
      • Cladoniaceae >
        • Cladonia
      • Collemataceae >
        • Leptogium
      • Hymeneliaceae >
        • Aspicilia
      • Lecanoraceae >
        • Lecanora
        • Rhizoplaca
      • Lichinaceae >
        • Lichinella
      • Parmeliaceae >
        • Usnea
        • Xanthoparmelia
      • Peltigeraceae >
        • Peltigera
      • Physciaceae >
        • Physcia
      • Teloschistaceae >
        • Caloplaca
        • Polycauliona
        • Xanthomendoza
        • Xanthoria
      • Umbilicariaceae >
        • Umbilicaria
      • Verrucariaceae >
        • Dermatocarpon
    • Lily >
      • Calochortus
      • Camassia
      • Clintonia
      • Erythronium
      • Fritillaria
      • Lilium
      • Lloydia
      • Prosartes
      • Streptopus
    • Lizardtail >
      • Anemopsis
    • Loasa >
      • Cevallia
      • Eucnide
      • Mentzelia
    • Lopseed >
      • Mimulus
  • M
    • Madder >
      • Galium
      • Houstonia
    • Mallow >
      • Abutilon
      • Allowissadula
      • Bastardia
      • Eremalche
      • Hibiscus
      • Iliamna
      • Malva
      • Sidalcea
      • Sphaeralcea
    • Malpighia >
      • Janusia
    • Mignonette >
      • Reseda
    • Milkwort >
      • Polygala
    • Miner's lettuce >
      • Calyptridium
      • Claytonia
      • Lewisia
      • Montia
    • Mint >
      • Agastache
      • Ajuga
      • Dracocephalum
      • Hedeoma
      • Hyptis
      • Lamium
      • Leonurus
      • Lycopus
      • Marrubium
      • Mentha
      • Monarda
      • Monardella
      • Nepeta
      • Perovskia
      • Poliomintha
      • Prunella
      • Salvia
      • Scutellaria
      • Stachys
      • Teucrium
    • Morning glory >
      • Calystegia
      • Convolvulus
      • Evolvulus
      • Ipomoea
    • Moschatel >
      • Sambucus
      • Viburnum
    • Moss families >
      • Anomodontaceae >
        • Anomodon
      • Bartramiaceae >
        • Philonotis
      • Brachytheciaceae >
        • Brachythecium
        • Homalothecium
      • Bryaceae >
        • Bryum
        • Pohlia
        • Ptychostomum
      • Dicranaceae >
        • Dicranum
      • Encalyptaceae >
        • Encalypta
      • Fabroniaceae >
        • Fabronia
      • Grimmiaceae >
        • Coscinodon
        • Grimmia
        • Schistidium
      • Hedwigiaceae >
        • Hedwigia
      • Hypnaceae >
        • Hypnum
      • Mniaceae >
        • Mnium
      • Orthotrichaceae >
        • Orthotrichum
      • Polytrichaceae >
        • Polytrichum
      • Pottiaceae >
        • Pterygoneurum
        • Syntrichia
        • Tortula
        • Weissia
    • Mushroom
    • Mustard 1 (genus A to D) >
      • Alliaria
      • Alyssum
      • Arabis
      • Barbarea
      • Berteroa
      • Boechera
      • Cakile
      • Camelina
      • Capsella
      • Cardamine
      • Chorispora
      • Conringia
      • Descurainia
      • Dimorphocarpa
      • Dithyrea
      • Draba
      • Dryopetalon
    • Mustard 2 (genus E to Z) >
      • Erysimum
      • Hesperidanthus
      • Hesperis
      • Lepidium
      • Nasturtium
      • Nerisyrenia
      • Noccaea
      • Physaria
      • Rorippa
      • Schoenocrambe
      • Selenia
      • Sinapis
      • Sisymbrium
      • Smelowskia
      • Stanleya
      • Streptanthella
      • Streptanthus
      • Strigosella
      • Thlaspi
      • Turritis
  • N
    • Nettle >
      • Urtica
    • Nightshade >
      • Chamaesaracha
      • Datura
      • Hyoscyamus
      • Lycium
      • Nicotiana
      • Physalis
      • Quincula
      • Solanum
  • O
    • Ocotillo >
      • Fouquieria
    • Oleaster >
      • Elaeagnus
      • Shepherdia
    • Olive >
      • Forestiera
      • Forsythia
      • Fraxinus
      • Menodora
      • Syringa
    • Onion >
      • Allium
    • Orchid >
      • Calypso
      • Coeloglossum
      • Corallorhiza
      • Cypripedium
      • Epipactis
      • Galearis
      • Goodyera
      • Neottia
      • Piperia
      • Platanthera
      • Spiranthes
  • P
    • Palm >
      • Washingtonia
    • Parsley >
      • Angelica
      • Berula
      • Carum
      • Cicuta
      • Conioselinum
      • Conium
      • Cymopterus
      • Daucus
      • Harbouria
      • Heracleum
      • Ligusticum
      • Lomatium
      • Musineon
      • Oreoxis
      • Orogenia
      • Osmorhiza
      • Oxypolis
      • Pastinaca
      • Perideridia
      • Sanicula
      • Sium
      • Sphenosciadium
      • Vesper
      • Zizia
    • Pea 1 (genus A to H) >
      • Acacia
      • Acmispon
      • Amorpha
      • Astragalus
      • Caesalpinia
      • Calliandra
      • Caragana
      • Cercis
      • Colutea
      • Dalea
      • Gleditsia
      • Glycyrrhiza
      • Hedysarum
      • Hoffmannseggia
    • Pea 2 (genus I to Z) >
      • Lathyrus
      • Lotus
      • Lupinus
      • Marina
      • Medicago
      • Melilotus
      • Mimosa
      • Oxytropis
      • Parkinsonia
      • Pediomelum
      • Psoralidium
      • Robinia
      • Securigera
      • Senna
      • Sophora
      • Thermopsis
      • Trifolium
      • Vicia
      • Wisteria
    • Phlox >
      • Aliciella
      • Collomia
      • Eriastrum
      • Gilia
      • Giliastrum
      • Ipomopsis
      • Langloisia
      • Leptosiphon
      • Linanthus
      • Microsteris
      • Navarretia
      • Phlox
      • Polemonium
    • Pine >
      • Abies
      • Picea
      • Pinus
      • Pseudostuga
    • Pineapple >
      • Hechtia
    • Pink >
      • Arenaria
      • Cerastium
      • Dianthus
      • Eremogone
      • Minuartia
      • Moehringia
      • Paronychia
      • Pseudostellaria
      • Saponaria
      • Silene
      • Spergularia
      • Stellaria
    • Pitcher-plant >
      • Darlingtonia
    • Plantain >
      • Besseya
      • Chionophila
      • Collinsia
      • Linaria
      • Maurandya
      • Mohavea
      • Nuttallanthus
      • Penstemon
      • Plantago
      • Veronica
    • Pondlily >
      • Nuphar
    • Poppy >
      • Argemone
      • Eschscholzia
      • Papaver
    • Primrose >
      • Androsace
      • Dodecatheon
      • Lysimachia
      • Primula
    • Purslane >
      • Portulaca
  • Q
    • Quassia >
      • Ailanthus
      • Castela
  • R
    • Ratany >
      • Krameria
    • Rose 1 (Genus A to O) >
      • Agrimonia
      • Amelanchier
      • Cercocarpus
      • Chamaebatiaria
      • Chamaerhodos
      • Coleogyne
      • Cotoneaster
      • Crataegus
      • Dasiphora
      • Dryas
      • Drymocallis
      • Fallugia
      • Fragaria
      • Geum
      • Holodiscus
      • Horkelia
      • Ivesia
      • Malus
    • Rose 2 (Genus P to Z) >
      • Physocarpus
      • Potentilla
      • Prunus
      • Purshia
      • Pyrus
      • Rosa
      • Rubus
      • Sibbaldia
      • Spiraea
    • Rue >
      • Ptelea
    • Rush >
      • Juncus
  • S
    • Saint Johnswort >
      • Hypericum
    • Sandalwood >
      • Comandra
      • Phoradendron
    • Saxifrage >
      • Heuchera
      • Lithophragma
      • Micranthes
      • Mitella
      • Pectiantia
      • Saxifraga
      • Telesonix
      • Tellima
      • Tiarella
    • Sedge >
      • Carex
      • Cyperus
      • Eleocharis
      • Eriophorum
      • Schoenoplectus
      • Scirpus
    • Soapberry >
      • Acer
      • Aesculus
    • Spiderwort >
      • Tradescantia
    • Spikemoss >
      • Selaginella
    • Spurge >
      • Croton
      • Euphorbia
      • Jatropha
      • Tragia
    • Star-grass >
      • Hypoxis
    • Stonecrop >
      • Rhodiola
      • Sedum
    • Storax >
      • Halesia
    • Sumac >
      • Rhus
      • Toxicodendron
    • Sweetshrub >
      • Calycanthus
  • T
    • Tamarisk >
      • Tamarix
    • Teasel >
      • Dipsacus
      • Knautia
    • Trillium >
      • Trillium
  • U
    • Unicorn >
      • Proboscidea
    • Unknowns
  • V
    • Valerian >
      • Plectritis
      • Valeriana
    • Vervain >
      • Aloysia
      • Glandularia
      • Phyla
      • Verbena
    • Violet >
      • Hybanthus
      • Viola
  • W
    • Water-clover >
      • Marsilea
    • Water-plantain >
      • Sagittaria
    • Willow >
      • Populus
      • Salix
    • Woodsorrel >
      • Oxalis
  • Untitled
  • New Page

Illustrated glossary

If the sign "+" occurs before a caption under an image, click on the image to see an enlarged version of it.  So, for example, the first entry to the right of "Apetalous" has a "+."   Click on the "+" picture and you'll see an enlarged version of Comandra umbellata.
Definitions of terms are taken from _Plant Terminology_ by James G. Harris and Melinda Wollf Harris.
***************************************************
Acaulescent ---
​"without a stem"
  i) peduncle -- "the stalk of a solitary flower"
Picture
+ peduncle (Tetraneuris acaulis var. acaulis)
Picture
+ (Oenothera caespitosa)
Achene(s) ---
"a small dry, indehiscent fruit with a single locule and a single seed -- the seed is attached to the ovary at a single point"
  i) awn -- "narrow, bristlelike appendage"
​ ii) plumose -- "feathery"
​
Picture
with two awns (Bidens frondosa)
Picture
+ with plumose style (Cercocarpus montanus)
Ament --- see "Inflorescence"
Anther --- see "Stamen"
Apetalous ---
​"without petals"
Picture
+ (Comandra umbellata)
Picture
+ (Caltha leptosepala)
Picture
+ (Anemone canadensis)
Areolas --- See "Glochids"
Astylous --- see "Pistil"
Berries ---
"fleshy fruits"
Picture
+ closely investing spiny calyx (Solanum rostratum)
Picture
+ (Elaeagnus angustifolia)
Bracts -- see "Involucre"
Bud ---
"an undeveloped shoot or flower"
Picture
+ cluster (Astragalus agrestis)
Picture
+ scales (Physocarpus monogynous)
Picture
+ (Ulmus pumila)
Bur (or burr) ---
"a structure armed with often hooked or barbed spines or appendages"
Picture
with hooked spines (Arctium minus)
Calyx  ---
"the outer perianth whorl -- collective term for all of the sepals of a flower"
  i) connate -- "fused"
 ii) foliaceous -- "leaf-like"

​ 
Picture
connate sepals (Peritoma serrulata)
Picture
+ free, reflexed sepals (Saxifraga chrysantha)
Picture
+ foliaceous outer lobes (Comastoma tenellum)
Picture
+ linear sepal (Campanula rotundifolia)
Picture
+ toothed margins (Penstemon glaber var. alpinus)
Picture
+ hooded sepal (Aconitum columbianum)
​iii) campanulate -- "bell-shaped"
 iv) accrescent -- "becoming larger with age"
​ 
Picture
+ campanulate, accrescent (Hibiscus trionum)
Picture
+ fan-shaped, translucent sepal wings (Salsola tragus)
Picture
+ campanulate, magenta (Mirabilis multiflora)
  v) scutellum -- "a small plate-like or shield-like structure"
​  
​ 
Picture
+ glandular (Collomia linearis)
Picture
+ limb (Comandra umbellata)
Picture
+ with scutellum (Scutellaria brittonii)
 vi) bilabiate -- "two-lipped"
vii) gibbous (ventricose) -- "swollen or enlarged on one side"
​ 
Picture
+ bilabiate (Catalpa speciosa)
Picture
+ gibbous, ventricose (Hedeoma drummondii)
Picture
+ spur (Delphinium carolinianum ssp. virescens)
vii) petaloid -- "petal-like in appearance"
Picture
+ spurred sepal (Delphinium geyeri)
Picture
+ sepals with hooked spurs (Aquilegia saximontana)
Picture
+ petaloid sepals (Aquilegia caerulea)
viii) awn - "a narrow, bristlelike appendage"
Picture
+ awn-tipped sepal (Geranium caespitosum)
Picture
+ campanulate calyx (Streptanthus cordatus var. cordatus)
Picture
+ calyx tube (Saponaria officinalis)
 ix) epicalyx -- "an involucre that resembles an outer calyx"
Picture
+ epicalyx bractlet (Geum triflorum)
Picture
+ with black hairs (Astragalus laxmanii var. robustior)
Picture
+ strongly reflexed sepals (Oenothera caespitosa)
  x) strigose -- "bearing straight, stiff, sharp appressed hairs"
 xi) carinate -- "keeled with one or more longitudinal ridges"
xii) calyx tube
Picture
+ strigose calyx tube (Astragalus gracilis)
Picture
+ carinate (Phlox longifolia)
Picture
+ calyx tube (Astragalus flexuosus var. flexuosus)
Capsule -- see "Fruit"
Catkin --- see "Inflorescence"
Cone ---
​"a dense cluster of sporophylls on an axis -- a strobilus"
Picture
+ staminate (Pinus edulis)
Picture
+ pistillate (Pinus edulis)
Picture
+ pistillate (Abies bifolia)
Corolla --- 
"the collective names for all of the petals of a flower; the inner perianth whorl"
Picture
+ green, tubular (Castilleja occidentalis)
Picture
+ tubular-funnelform (Gentiana algida)
Picture
+ fringed lobes (Gentainella acuta)
  i) bilabiate -- "two-lipped"
 ii) plait -- "a fold or pleat"
iii) sinus -- "the cleft, depression or recess between two lobes of an expanded organ such as a petal"
Picture
+ bilabiate (Penstemon whippleanus)
Picture
+ pouches on lower lip (Orthocarpus cuspidatus var. cryptanthus)
Picture
+ plaits at the sinuses (Gentiana parryi)
 iv) urceolate -- "pitcher-like"
  v) salverform -- "slender tube and abruptly flattened petals"
 vi) erose -- "irregularly toothed margin"
​vii) fornix -- "a small crest in the throat of a corolla"
Picture
+ urceolate (Muscari neglectum)
Picture
+ salverform, erose lobes (Lithospermum incisum)
Picture
+ yellow fornix (Oreocarya virgata)
viii) papilionaceous -- "butterfly-like"
  ix) ochroleucous -- "yellowish-white"
Picture
+ reflexed lobe (Dodecatheon pulchellum)
Picture
+ papilionaceous (Astragalus parryi)
Picture
+ ochroleucous (Astragalus laxmannii var. robustior)
  x) undulate, repand -- "with a slightly wavy margin"
 xi) funnelform -- "gradually widening from base to apex"
Picture
+ undulate, repand (Catalpa speciosa)
Picture
+ closed corolla lobes (Lithospermum occidentale)
Picture
+ funnelform (Cyoglossum officinale)
Corona ---
"petal-like or crown-like structures between the petals and stamens in some flowers"
Picture
+ hoods around horns (Asclepias incarnata)
Picture
+ (Narcissus pseudonarcissus)
Cyathium --- 
"the inflorescence in the genus Euphorbia, consisting of a cup-like involucre containing a single pistil and male flowers with a single stamen"
Picture
+ cyathium (Euphorbia brachycera)
Picture
+ cyathium (Euphorbia dentata)
Cyme --- see "Inflorescence"
Dicotyledonous ---
​"with two seed leaves"
Picture
+ (Eremalche rotundifolia)
Dioecious --
"the staminate and pistillate flowers borne on separate plants"  
Picture
+ staminate (Acer negundo)
Picture
+ pistillate (Acer negundo)
Drupe --- See "Fruit"
Fascicle ---
​"a tight bundle or cluster"
Picture
+ (Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum)
Picture
+ (Ulmus pumila)
Filament --- see "Stamen"
Floret ---
​"a small flower; an individual flower within a dense cluster"
   i) ligule -- "strap-shaped"
Picture
+ ray (Hieracium albiflorum)
Picture
+ disk (Hymenopappus filifolius)
Picture
+ reflexed ligule (Echinacea angustifolia)
Flowers ---
  i) perfect  (bixesual)-- "with both stamens and pistils"
​    actinomorphic --"radially symmetrical"
 ii) zygomorphic -- bilaterally symmetrical"

Picture
+ perfect, actinomorphic (Gilia sinuata)
Picture
+ zygomorphic (Caragana arborescens)
Picture
+ yellow banner (Dalea formosa)
​iii) pistillate -- "bearing a pistil or pistils but lacking stamens"
​ iv) staminate -- "bearing stamens but not pistils"
  v) unisexual -- pistillate or staminate
Picture
+ pistillate (Thalictrum occidentale)
Picture
+ staminate (Thalictrum dasycarpum)
Picture
+ pistillate, imperfect (Humulus lupulus)
Picture
+ pistillate (Acer negundo)
Picture
+ staminate (Acer negundo)
Picture
+ pistillate (Euphorbia marginata)
  vi) disk flowers -- the inner flowers in a member of the Asteraceae family
 vii) ray flowers -- the outer
flowers in a member of the Asteraceae family
Picture
+ Gaillardia aristata with red disk flowers and yellow ray flowers
Follicle -- see "Fruit"
Fruit ---
   i) follcle -- "a dry fruit opening on a single side" 
  ii) indehiscent -- ''not opening along definite lines"
 iii) legume -- "a dehiscent fruit opening along two lines"
Picture
+ follicle (Asclepias speciosa)
Picture
+ fruiting head (Sagittaria cuneata)
Picture
+ sessile, indehiscent legume (Glycyrrhiza lepidota)
  iv) poricidal -- "opening by pores"
   v) silicle -- "a dry, dehiscent fruit"
Picture
+ ellipsoid legume (Astragalus missouriensis)
Picture
+ poricidal capsule (Papaver orientale)
Picture
+ orbicular silicle (Lepidium virginicum)
  vi) schizocarp -- "a dry, indehiscent fruit that splits into separate 1-seeded segments"
 vii) cypsela -- "resembles an achene but is surrounded by a calyx sheath"
Picture
+ spiny schizocarp (Tribulus terrestris)
Picture
cypsela (Liatris punctata)
Picture
+ triangular silicle (Capsella bursa-pastoris)
viii) samara -- "a dry, indehiscent winged fruit"
  ix) pericarp -- "the wall of the fruit"
Picture
+ siliques on pedicels (Descurainia sophia)
Picture
+ two-winged samara (Acer glabrum)
Picture
+ pericarp (Prunus pensylvanica)
Picture
+ seed - 6 mm (Prunus pensylvanica)
Picture
+ samara (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
Picture
+ seed - 13 mm (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
  x)  drupe -- "a fleshy, indehiscent fruit"
Picture
+ indehiscent (Mammillaria grahamii)
Picture
+ drupes (Rhus aromatica var. trilobata)
Picture
+ schizocarp (Abutilon theophrasti)
  xi) capsule -- "a dry, dehiscent fruit"
​ xii) obcompressed -- "compressed opposite the usual way"
  xiii) pome - "a fleshy, indehiscent fruit"
Picture
+ capsule - 4 mm (Jamesia americana)
Picture
+ obcompressed legumes (Astragalus bisulcatus)
Picture
+ pomes (Crataegus succulenta)
Picture
+ (Prunus americanus)
Picture
+ capsule (Epilobium hirsutum)
Picture
+ loculicidal capsule (Hibiscus trionum)
Picture
+ apically broadly winged, apical notch (Lepidium campestre)
Picture
+ cylindric capsule (Mentzelia multiflora)
Picture
+ samara (Ulmus pumila)
Picture
+ 3-lobed capsules (Muscari neglectum)
Picture
+ seed (Euonymus europaeus)
Fruiting bracteoles
 
bracteoles -- "a small bract"
Picture
+ four-winged (Atriplex canescens)
Fruiting pedicels
   
pedicel -- "the stalk of an       individual flower of fruit"
Picture
+ (Descurainia sophia)
Galea ---
   "the hemet-shaped or hood-like upper lip of some two-lipped corollas"
Picture
+ with an elongated, upcurved beak (Pedicularis groenlandica)
Gland ---
   "an appendage, protuberance, or other structure which secretes sticky or oily substances" 
Picture
+ two, fringed (Frasera speciosa)
Picture
+ oil glands on phyllaries (Thymophylla acerosa)
Glochids ---
​   "barbed hairs or bristles"
Picture
+ on areoles (Opuntia polyacantha)
Picture
+ Opuntia macrorhiza
Glomerule ---
    "a dense cluster"
Picture
+ (Chenopodium simplex)
Gynophore -- see "Stalk"
Gynostegium ---
   
"a structure formed from the fusion of the anthers with the stigmatic region of the gynoecium"
Picture
+ (Asclepias asperula ssp. asperula)
Picture
+ Apocynum cannabinum.
Hairs ---
  i) basifixed -- "attached by the base"
 ii) villous -- "bearing long, soft, shaggy, but unmatted hairs"
iii) stellate -- "star-shaped"
Picture
+ basifixed pubescence (Astragalus gracilis)
Picture
+ villous (Evolvulus nuttallianus)
Picture
+ stalked stellate (Solanum rostratum)
 iv) strigose -- "bearing straight, stiff, sharp, appressed hairs"
Picture
+ strigose (Mertensia brevistyla)
Picture
+ strigose (Heterotheca villosa var. nana)
Head(s) ---
  i) corymbiform -- " the lower pedicels are longer than the upper"
Picture
+ radiate (Townsendia grandiflora)
Picture
+ discoid (Cirsium undulatum)
Picture
+ corymbiform array (Achillea millefolium)
Hips ---
   "a berry-like structure"
Picture
+ (Rosa woodsii)
Hypanthium ---
  i) salverform -- "with a slender tube and an abruptly spreading, flattened limb"
Picture
+ tube (Ribes aureum)
Picture
+ salverform (Cercoarpus montanus)
Picture
+ flattened (Mitella pentandra)
Picture
+ (Ribes inerme)
Inflorescence --
   i) thyrse -- "a compact, cylindrical or ovate panicle"
  ii) bracteate -- "with reduced leaf-like structures at the base of the flowers"
 iii) cyme  --terminal flowers bloom first" 
Picture
+ thyrse (Penstemon whippleanus)
Picture
+ bracteate (Prunella vulgaris)
Picture
+ cyme (Collomia linearis)
 iv) glomerule -- "a dense cluster"
Picture
+ glomerule (Chenopodium capitatum)
Picture
+ spike (Verbena hastata)
Picture
+ elongated panicle (Conyza canadensis)
 vii) verticillaster -- "opposite axillary cymes forming a false whorl"
Picture
+ terminal raceme (Yucca glauca)
Picture
+ discoid (Matricaria discoidea)
Picture
+ verticillaster (Stachys coccinea)
viii) helicoid -- "coiled like a spiral or helix"
  ix) subcapitate --"almost head-like"
Picture
+ diffuse (Gilia sinuata)
Picture
+ helicoid cyme (Phacelia hastata)
Picture
+ subcapitate (Astragalus laxmannii var. robustior)
Picture
+ umbel (Heracleum maximum)
Picture
+ conic thyrse (Micranthes rhomboidea)
Picture
+ globular raceme (Rhus aromatica var. trilobata)
  x) corymb -- "lower pedicels longer than the upper"
​ xi) spicate -- "arranged in a spike"
Picture
+ open, lax thyrse (Micranthes odontoloma)
Picture
+ corymb (Lepidium draba))
Picture
+ spicate (Pedicularis scopulorum)
 xii) ebracteate -- "without bracts"
Picture
+ semi-capitate cyme (Cornus canadensis)
Picture
+ pistillate catkin (Alnus incana var. tenuifolia)
Picture
+ ebracteate raceme (Streptanthus cordatus var. cordatus)
xiii) pseudanthium -- "a compact inflorence of many small flowers which simulates a single flower"
Picture
+ ovoid (Bistorta bistortoides)
Picture
+ pistillate catkins (Salix bebbiana)
Picture
+ pseudanthium (Echinacea angustifollia)
Picture
+ terminal raceme (Persicaria amphibia)
Picture
+ capitate cyme (Hydrophyllum fendleri)
Picture
+ sessile, axillary clusters (Lycopus americanus)
Picture
+ female ament (Populus deltoides)
xiv)  umbel -- "a flat-topped or convex infloresence with the pedicels arising from a common point."  
Picture
+ Queen Anne's lace (Daucus caudata)
Involucre ---  "a whorl of bracts subtending a flower or flower cluster"
​   i) ciliolate -- "with a marginal fringe of minute hairs"
Picture
+ wooly-villous (Erigeron grandiflorus)
Picture
+ bracts with ciliolate margins (Tonestus pygmaeus)
Picture
+ abruptly narrowed apex on bract (Helianthus anuus)
Picture
+ spine-tipped bracts (Salsola tragus)
Picture
+ foliaceous bracts (Humulus lupulus)
Picture
+ imbricate, reflexed bracts (Grindelia squarrosa)
  ii) excurrent -- "extending beyond the apex"
 iii) imbricate -- "overlapping like shingles on a roof"
​  iv) ciliate -- "with a marginal fringe of hairs"
Picture
+ bract with excurrent midrib (Carduus nutans)
Picture
+ imbricate, hirsute bracts (Heterotheca villosa)
Picture
bracts with ciliate margin (Symphyotrichum ericoides)
   v) epicalyx -- "an involucre that resembles a calyx"
Picture
+ white bracts (Orthocarpus cuspidatus var. cryptanthus)
Picture
+ epicalyx bractlet (Geum triflorum)
Picture
+ oil glands on phyllaries (Thymophylla acerosa)
  vi) scarious -- "thin, dry, and membranous in texture"
Picture
bract with scarious margin (Liatris punctata)
Picture
+ foliaceous, villous-hispid (Veronica wormskjoldii)
Picture
+ obtriangular, 3-cleft bracts (Anemone narcissus var. zephyra)
 vii) arachnoid -- "bearing long, cobwebby, entangled hairs"
Picture
+ arachnoid-hairy (Cirsium scopulorum)
Picture
+ bracteoles (Senecio bigelovii var. hallii)
Picture
+ imbricate bracts w/ scarious margins (Achillea millefolium)
viii) acuminate -- "gradually tapering to a sharp point"
 ix) glandular-stipitate -- "bearing stalked glands" 
 
Picture
+ bracts: gland-dotted, acuminate tips (Dieteria bigelovii)
Picture
+ glandular-stipitate bracts (Symphyotrichum campestre)
Picture
+ petaloid bracts (Anemopsis californica)
   x)  adnate -- "fusion of unlike parts"
Picture
+ adnate bracts (Cornus alba var. alba)
Leaf (Leaves) ---
   i) connate -- "fusion of like parts"
Picture
+ connate basally (Minuartia obtusiloba)
Picture
+ pinnately compound (Potentilla fruticosa)
Picture
+ basal rosette (Saxifraga chrysantha)
 ii) involute -- "margins rolled inward toward the upper side"
iii) revolute -- "margins rolled backward to the under side"
 iv) ciliate -- "with a marginal fringe of hairs"
Picture
+ linear, involute margin (Gentiana algida)
Picture
+ revolute margin (Bistorta bistortoides)
Picture
+ ciliate margins (Erigeron grandiflorus)
 vi) pinnatifid -- "lobed on both sides of the leaf axis"
vii) arcuate -- "curved into an arch, like a bow"
Picture
+ pinnatifid, spiny margin (Cirsium scopulorum)
Picture
+ arcuately veined (Mertensia ciliata)
Picture
+ pinnately dissected (Achillea millefolium)
viii) serrate -- "saw-like; sharp teeth pointing forward"
Picture
+ serrate margin (Sambucus racemosa)
Picture
+ clasping (Platanthera dilatata)
Picture
+ palmately lobed (Echinocystis lobata)
 ix) sessile -- "attached directly with no supporting stalk"
​  x) cauline -- "leaves arising from the stem above ground level"
Picture
+ palmately compound (Potentilla glaucophylla var. glaucophylla)
Picture
+ opposite, sessile and cauline (Penstemon whippleanus)
Picture
+ three-nerved from the base (Ceanothus fendleri)
  xi) saggitate -- "arrow-head shaped"
 xii) petiolate -- "wih a leaf stalk"
Picture
+ sagittate (Sagittaria cuneata)
Picture
+ ovate, petiolate (Mirabilis multiflora)
Picture
+ elliptic (Amorpha fruticosa)
xiii) auriculate -- "with ear-shaped appendages"
Picture
+ auriculate (Lepidium campestre)
Picture
+ palmately compound (Oxalis dillenii)
Picture
+ pinnatifid (Packera plattensis)
  xiv) rachis -- "the main axis of a compound leaf"
   xv) filiform -- " thread-like"
  xvi) punctate -- "dotted with pits or with translucent, sunken glands or with colored dots"
      
Picture
+ rachis (Gilia sinuata)
Picture
+ filiform (Tripleurospermum maritimum ssp. inodorum)
Picture
+ punctate (Hedeoma drummondii)
 xvii) reniform -- "kidney-shaped"
Picture
+ linear, incurved, whorled (Asclepias subverticillata)
Picture
spinuolose tip (Symphyotrichum ericoides)
Picture
+ reniform (Oxyria digyna)
xviii) cordate -- "heart-shaped"
  xix) rosulate -- "leaves arranged in basal rosettes"
   xx) acicular -- "needle-shaped"
Picture
+ cordate (Heuchera parvifolia)
Picture
+ rosulate (Physaria bellii)
Picture
+ acicular (Pinus edulis)
  xxi) canescent -- "gray or white in color due to fine gray or white hairs"
 xxii) tomentose -- "covering of short, matted or tangled, soft, wooly hairs"
Picture
+ broadly ovate, serrate margins (Micranthes rhomboidea)
Picture
+ canescent (Senecio atratus)
Picture
+ tomentose (Antennaria media)
xxiii) cartilaginous -- "tough and firm but elastic and flexible"
Picture
+ cartilaginous margins (Pedicularis parryi)
Picture
+ petiole (Anemone narcissiflora var. zephyra)
Picture
+ pinnately veined (Chamerion angustifolium)
Picture
palmately veined (Maianthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule)
Picture
+ trifoliate (Peritoma serrulata)
Picture
+ awl-shaped (Juniperus scopulorum)
 xxiv) scurfy -- "covered with small, bran-like scales" 
Picture
+ whorled (Galium aparine)
Picture
+ diamond-shaped (Clarkia rhomboidea)
Picture
scurfy (Atriplex canescens)
 xxv) decussate -- "leaves arranged along the stem in pairs, with each pair at right angles to its neighboring pair"
Picture
+ alternate, sessile (Atriplex canescens)
Picture
+ cauline, auriculate-clasping (Streptanthus cordatus var. cordatus)
Picture
+ decussate (Sedum debile)
 xxvi) distichous -- "in two vertical rows on opposite sides of the stem"
xxvii) filiferous -- thread-like"
Picture
+ imbricate (Phlox muscoides)
Picture
+ distichous (Maianthemum stellatum)
Picture
+ filiferous margins (Yucca baccata)
 xxix) coriaceous -- "with a leathery texture" 
Picture
+ gland-dotted (Acer glabrum)
Picture
+ pinnately trifoliate (Melilotus officinalis)
Picture
+ coriaceous (Lathyrus eucosmus)
 xxx) biternate -- "members of a three-part division of leaves divided into three parts"
Picture
+ cordate-clasping (Conringia orientalis)
Picture
+ biternate (Osmorhiza berteroi)
Picture
+ crisped, ciliolate margins (Nothocalais cuspidata)
  xxxi) stipules -- "leaf-like appendages at base of petiole"
 xxxii) perfoliate -"leaf margins surrounding the stem"
xxxiii) flocose adaxially -- "long, tangled hairs on the side towards the axis"
Picture
+ foliaceous stipules (Thermopsis rhombifolia)
Picture
+ perfoliate (Lepidium perfoliatum)
Picture
+ floccose adaxially (Eriogonum umbellatum var. umbellatum)
xxxiv)  bractlet -- "a small bract"
Picture
+ white lanate abaxially (Eriogonum umbellatum var. umbellatum)
Picture
+ white pubescence (Eriogonum umbellatum var. majus)
Picture
+ bractlets (Senecio bigelovii var. hallii)
xxxv)  serrulate -- "toothed along the margin with minute, sharp, forward-pointing teeth"
Picture
+serrulate (Oenothera serrulata)
Legume -- see "Fruit"
Lenticel ---
"a slightly raised, somewhat corky, often lens-shaped area on the surface of a young stem"  
Picture
+ beaked hazelnut
Monocotyledon ---
"plants with a single seed leaf, or cotyledon"
Picture
+ (Clintonia uniflora)
Monoecious --- 
"staminate and pistillate flowers borne on the same pant"
Picture
(Pinus edulis)
Picture
+ Echinocystis lobata.
Moss --- 
​costa -- "a rib or prominent mid-vein"

Picture
+ red costa/ long hair tips (Syntrichia ruralis)
Ocrea ---
    "a sheath around the stem formed from the stipules"
Picture
+ (Persicaria lapathifolia)
Picture
+ (Bistorta bistortoides)
Picture
+ (Heracleum maximum)
Ovary --- see "Pistil"
Pappus  ---
"consists of awns, scales, setae, or bristles at the apex of the achene"
Picture
plumose bristles (Liatris punctata)
Picture
+ barbellate bristles (Arnica rydbergii)
Picture
scales (Helianthus nuttallii)
Picture
retorsely barbed awns (Bidens cernua)
Picture
setae (Erigeron strigosus)
Parasite ---
    "an organism that obtains its food or water, at least partly, from a host organism"
Picture
+ (Orobanche fasciculata)
Picture
+ hemiparasite (Castilleja exserta)
Pedicel --- see "Stalk"
Peduncle --- see "Stalk"
Peltate stigma --- see "Pistil"
Perianth ---
"the calyx and corolla, collectively"
i) tepals -- "a sepal or a petal"
Picture
+ tepals (Allium textile)
Picture
+ pink tepals (Escobaria vivipara)
Picture
+ 6 tepals (Narcissus pseudonarcissus)
Petal(s) ---
 i) non-connate -- "separate"
ii) clawed -- "with a narrow base"
Picture
+ two-lobed (Silene acaulis)
Picture
+ non-connate, free (Potentilla glaucophylla)
Picture
+ clawed (Oenothera suffrutescens)
iii) banner -- "the upper and usually largest petal of a papilionaceous flower"
plicate -- "plaited or folded"
Picture
+ banner (top), wings (below) (Oxytropis lambertii)
Picture
+ unipetalous, only a banner (Amorpha fruticosa)
Picture
+ fused, plicate (Convolvulus arvensis)
 iv) maculate -- "spotted or blotched"
​  v) labellum -- "the exceptional petal of an orchid blossom"
Picture
+ maculate keel (Astragalus parryi)
Picture
two spurred upper petals (Delphinium nuttallianum)
Picture
+ labellum (Corallorhiza wisteriana)
 vi)  keel -- "a prominent longitudinal ridge"
obcordate -- "deeply notched apex"
Picture
+ keel - united petals (Hedysarum boreale)
Picture
+ pouch-shaped lower lip (Cypripedium parviflorum var. pubescens)
Picture
+ obcordate (Berteroa incana)
  vii) spur -- "a small, sac-like appendage of a petal or sepal"
fimbriate  -- "fringed 
  along the margin"        
  
Picture
+ spur (Viola adunca)
Picture
+ fimbriate (Parnassia fimbriata)
Phyllaries --- See "Involucre"
Pistil ---
​"the female reproductive organ of a flower, consisting of a stigma, style and ovary"
 i) ovary -- "the expanded basal portion of the pistil"
ii) stigma -- "portion of the pistil  that is receptive to pollen"
Picture
ovary
Picture
three-lobed stigma (Campanula rotundifolia)
Picture
+ four-lobed stigma (Oenothera villosa)
iii) inferior ovary --"attached beneath the other flower whorls"
Picture
+ inferior ovary (Chamerion angustifolium)
Picture
+ four-lobed stigma (Chamerion angustifolium)
Picture
+ superior ovary (Anemone cylindrica)
 iv) style -- "the narrow portion of the pistil connecting the stigma to the ovary"
  v) stylopodium -- "a disk-like expansion at the base of the style"
Picture
+ style (Campanula rotundifolia)
Picture
+ 2-lobed stylopodium (Conium maculatum)
Picture
sessile stigma on superior ovary (Actaea rubra)
Picture
exserted style (Lithospermum occidentale)
Picture
+ crested ovary, six processes (Allium macropetalum)
Picture
+ capitate stigma (Veronica anagallis-aquatica)
Picture
+ protruding style (Brickellia eupatorioides)
Picture
+ astylous (Reseda lutea)
Picture
+ globose stigma (Taraxia tanacetifolia)
Picture
+ stylar column (Erodium cicutarium)
Picture
+ styles not jointed (Geum rossii var. turbinata)
Picture
+ orbicular stigma (Prunus virginiana)
Picture
+ style (Berteroa incana)
Picture
+ four-lobed stigma (Oenothera coronopifolia)
Picture
+ with persistent styles (Clematis liguisticifolia)
 vi) peltate stigma -- a stigma that is "a flat structure borne on a stalk attached to the lower surface."
Picture
+ peltate stigma (Oenothera serrulata)
Plant ---
  i) pulvinate -- "cushion-like or mat-like"
Picture
+ pulvinate (Phlox muscoides)
Picture
+ mat-forming (Minuartia obtusiloba)
Picture
+ subcaulescent, caespitose (Trifolium dasyphyllum)
 ii) virgate -- "wand-like, straight, slender, and erect"
iii) lactiferous -- "containing a milky latex" 
​ iv) unisexual -- "not containing both male and female reproductive parts"
Picture
+ virgate (Penstemon unilateris)
Picture
+ lactiferous (Asclepias speciosa)
Picture
+ unisexual (Urtica dioica ssp. gracilis)
v) decumbent -- "reclining on the ground but with the tip ascending"
vi) papillose -- "having short, rounded, nipple-like bumps or projections" 
Picture
+ decumbent (Astragalus pectinatus)
Picture
+ papillose (Chorispora tenella)
Pome -- see "Fruit"  
Pseudanthium -- See "Inflorescence"
Receptacle ---
 i) chaffy -- "with thin, dry scales or bracts"
Picture
+ columnar (Ratibida columnifera)
Picture
naked (Symphyotrichum ericoides)
Picture
chaffy (Gaillardia aristata)
Picture
+ chaffy (Ratibida columnifera)
Rhizome -- "a horizontal underground stem"
Picture
rhizomes (Symphyotrichum ericoides var. ericoides)
Samara --- See "Fruit"
Saprophyte ---
​"a plant living on dead, organic matter"
Picture
+ (Corallorhiza maculata)
Schizocarp --- See "Fruit"
Scutellum ---
​"a small plate-like or shield-like structure"
Picture
+ scutellum (Scutellaria brittonii)
Secund --  
​"arranged on one side of the axis only."

Picture
+ secund (Penstemon secundiflorus)
Seed --- See "Fruit"
Sepals  --- see "Calyx"
Sheath ---
   "the portion of an organ which surrounds, at least partially, another organ"
Picture
+ (Corallorhiza maculata)
Silicle -- see "Fruit"
Silique --- see "Fruit
​
Sorus (pl. sori) --
​   "a cluster of sporangia on a fern leaf"
Picture
+ (Polypodium saximontanum)
Spadix --- 
    "a spike with small flowers crowded on a single axis"
Picture
+ (Lysichiton americanus)
Spathe ---
     "a large bract or pair of bracts subtending and often enclosing an inflorescence"

Picture
+ (Narcissus pseudonarcissus)
Picture
+ (Arisaema triphyllum)
Stalk ---
  i) pedicel -- "the stalk of a single flower"
 ii) peduncle -- "the stalk of an infloresence"
​iii) stipe -- "a stalk supportin a structure"
Picture
+ pedicel (Epilobium ciliatum)
Picture
+ peduncle (Sphenosciadium capitellatum)
Picture
+ stipe (Atriplex canescens)
 iv) gynophore -- "an elongated stalk bearing the pistil"
Picture
+ gynophore (Peritoma serrulata)
Stamen ---
   "the male reproductive organ, consisting of an anther and a filament"
  i) staminode -- "a modified stamen which is sterile, producing no pollen"
 ii) anther -- "bears the pollen"
Picture
+ staminode with hairs at apex (Penstemon virens)
Picture
+ ten (Saxifraga chrysantha)
Picture
+ anther (Geranium caespitosum)
 iii) filament -- "the stalk of the stamen which supports the anther"
 iv) connivent -- "converging, but not fused or united"
Picture
+ hairy filaments, yellow anthers (Tradescantia occidentalis)
Picture
+ purple filaments with yellow anthers (Mirabilis hirsuta)
Picture
+ connivent around the style (Dodecatheon pulchellum)
  v) epipetalous -- "attached to the petals"
 vi) coalescent -- "united to form a single unit"
vii) exserted -- "projecting beyond the surrounding parts"
Picture
epipetalous (Valeriana acutiloba)
Picture
coalescent filaments (Oxytropis lambertii)
Picture
+ exserted stamen with green anther (Peritoma serrulata)
viii) connate -- "fused"
Picture
+ purple-black anthers (Blepharipappus scaber)
Picture
+ club-shaped filament (Micranthes odontoloma)
Picture
+ connate filaments (Yucca baccata)
ix)  adnate stamens -- the stamens are fused to the sepals
Picture
+ staminode with yellow lobes (Parnassia fimbriata)
Picture
+ adnate stamens (Comandra umbellata ssp. pallida)
Picture
+ anthers (Penstemon unilateralis)
Stem ---
  
i) puberulent -- "covered with fine, soft hairs"
 ii) sericeous -- "silky, with long, soft, slender, somewhat appressed hairs"
Picture
+ square, puberulent (Stachys coccinea)
Picture
+ sericeous-tomentose (Artemisia scopulorum)
Picture
+ inflated (Eriogonum inflatum)
 iii) pith -- "the spongy ... tissue in some stems and roots"
Picture
+ pith (Lonicera morrowii)
Stigma -- see "Pistil"
Stipe --- see "Stalk"
Stipule ---
    "one of a pair of leaf-like appendages found at the base of the petiole"
Picture
+ (Collomia linearis)
Picture
(Paronychia jamesii)
Strobilus ---
"a cone"
  i) umbo -- "a blunt or rounded protuberance" 
 ii) pistillate -- "female"
Picture
+ male (Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum)
Picture
+ umbo (Pinus ponderosa var. scopulorum)
Picture
pistillate cone (Picea pungens)
Style --- see "Pistil"
Stylopodium --- see "Pistil"
Tendril ---
   "a slender, twining organ used to grap support for climbing"
 i) prehensile -- "adapted for grasping"
Picture
+ prehensile (Lathyrus latifolius)
Picture
+ prehensile (Vicia americana)
Tepal ---
     "a sepal or petal"
 i) tubercle -- "a small tuber-like projection"
ii) sepaloid -- "sepal-like in color and texture"
Picture
+ with tubercles (Rumex crispus)
Picture
+ sepaloid (Rumex venosus)
Picture
(Mainthemum racemosum ssp. amplexicaule)
Twigs ---
 i) lenticel -- "a slightly raised, somewhat corky, often lens-shaped area on the surface of a young stem"
​ii) pith -- "spongy tissue"
Picture
+ bud - 2 mm (Elaeagnus angustifolia)
Picture
+ lenticels (Elaeagnus angustifolia)
Picture
+ pith (Elaeagnus angustifolia)
  i) leaf scar -- "mark left after the leaf falls away"
Picture
+ 4 mm bud w/ scales over leaf scar (Physocarpus monogynus)
Unisexual --
"A flower with either male or female reproductive parts but not both."

Picture
+ staminate flower (Clematis liguisticifolia)
Picture
+pistillate flower (Clematis liguisticifolia)
Verticillaster ---
"a pair of axillary cymes arising from opposite leaves or bracts and forming a false whorl"
Picture
+ verticillasters (Penstemon virens)
element_settings.Image_30621876.default
+ verticillaster (Penstemon secundiflorus)

Powered by Create your own unique website with customizable templates.